What is characterization?

Characterization refers to the process by which an author conveys the nature and attributes of a character within a narrative. This can encompass various techniques, including direct description, dialogue, actions, and the reactions of other characters. By employing these methods, an author can effectively build a character's personality, making them more relatable and realistic to the reader.

This understanding is essential in analyzing literature, as a well-crafted character can drive the plot and provide deeper insight into the themes of a story. The significance of characterization lies in its ability to evoke emotions and connections with the audience.

In contrast, the other options describe different literary elements. Introducing a plot twist alters the direction of the narrative but doesn't involve character development. Explaining a story's theme focuses on the underlying messages or ideas conveyed through the work rather than on individual characters. The overall mood or atmosphere relates to the emotional setting that envelops the story, again distinct from the specific process of revealing character traits. Thus, the correct choice highlights the crucial role that characterization plays in dynamic storytelling.