What is an inference based on?

An inference is based on reasoning. It involves drawing logical conclusions from available evidence or facts. When someone makes an inference, they take information, analyze it, and then apply their understanding to conclude what might not be directly observable or stated. This process often involves connecting dots, filling in gaps, and using one's own knowledge and experiences to interpret the information.

In contrast to direct observation, which relies on what is visibly evident, or imagination, which may lack a basis in reality, inferences are grounded in analytical thought and contextual understanding. Rumors, being unverified information, do not provide a reliable foundation for making inferences, as they may lack evidence altogether. Thus, reasoning stands out as the cornerstone for making sound inferences, allowing for a deeper understanding of a situation or text.