What defines an allegory in literature?

An allegory in literature is defined by its use of symbolic figures and actions to convey deeper moral, political, or social meanings beyond the literal interpretation of the narrative. By employing symbols, characters, and events that represent larger ideas or concepts, an allegory invites readers to explore and reflect on these underlying themes. Classic examples of allegory include works like George Orwell's "Animal Farm," where the characters and events serve as symbols for the Russian Revolution and its aftermath, allowing for deeper commentary on power, corruption, and human nature.

The other choices do not capture the essence of allegory; while a complex narrative with multiple plots can certainly be rich in detail, it does not inherently aim to convey symbolic meanings. A fictional account of real events may focus on realism rather than allegorical interpretation. Lastly, a narrative focused solely on character development may lack the broader thematic symbols that are essential to an allegorical work. Thus, the defining characteristic of an allegory is its reliance on symbolism to reveal deeper truths and provoke thought in the reader.